Factors affecting growth and development Essay

Introduction There are numerous factors that could potentially affect how an individual grows and develops. As Beyoncà © was growing up she may or may not have experienced factors that could influence on how she lives and what her future plans out to be. In this assignment, I will explain different situations for 5 life factors that may determine how someone lives. One of these is the biological factor. This is anything that affects how someone develops for example FAS. The second factor is environmental, this affects how someone develops due to their surroundings e.g. someone who is asthmatic. Thirdly is the socioeconomic factor, which according to Classroom.synonym.com (2017) â€Å"are the social and economic experiences and realities that help mold one’s personality, attitudes, and lifestyle. The factor can also define refine regions and neighborhoods.† Next is the genetic factor this factor is based on things that affect an individual’s development because of their DNA. Finally is the lifestyle factor this is where the life that someone lives can affect how they develop physically, intellectually, emotionally and socially. Biological A biological factor that I would be explaining is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), which ultimately is an avoidable condition caused by the heavy consumption of alcohol that the pregnant mother is in taking. When an individual is pregnant the baby depends on them to be able to survive and grow, this process is done from the mother passing nutrients and oxygen from her blood, into the unborn baby’s placenta which then travels to the baby’s bloodstream. The mother will also help with the removal of waste and CO from the unborn baby. When a mother drinks alcohol it gets into her bloodstream which then eventually will pass through the placenta, which separates the mothers and baby’s blood, then entering the baby’s bloodstream. Mackintosh. M (2017) says that â€Å"drinking alcohol in the first three months is linked to miscarriage and birth abnormalities.† This is due to the high rate of alcohol in the baby’s blood which reduces the rate of oxygen ca using hindering the development of the baby’s lungs, heart and brain. There are many reasons on why someone may want to drink alcohol whilst pregnant. One reason could be that they are addicted to alcohol meaning that they can’t usually stop without the help of other people. Another reason could be that the mother just simply is totally clueless of her pregnancy, therefore, has carried on as normal for the first couple of months of the pregnancy. However, for many of the different reasons, there are people who are willing to help to ensure the safety of you and the unborn baby. An individual living with FAS will normally have visible physical effects such as distinctive facial features which include: a small head, narrow eyes and a smooth philtrum (the area between the nose and top lip). However, these features are more apparent when they are younger. It is known for some people who have FAS to have learning difficulties such as such as problems with thinking, speech, social skills, timekeeping, math’s or memory and mood, attention or behavioral problems – such as autism-like behavior or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). (NHS.UK, 2017) According to psychiatry.emory.edu (2017), â€Å"Children and adolescent with FAS and other alcohol-related disorders may be developmentally delayed, have mental retardation or have problems with specific learning differences or disabilities. These conditions are often associated with social, emotional, behavioral, and academic problems.† When these and other deficits are not identified early in life, children may be viewed as being deliberately â€Å"bad† or having â€Å"emotional† problems when, in fact, they are unable to act in ways that caregivers ask of them. Such labels can be very damaging to self-esteem.† Environmental There are many environmental factors that could affect an individual’s development, physically, intellectually, emotionally, and socially. For this factor, I will be explaining the effects of ‘Damp and Overcrowded Housing’. Dampness in buildings are mainly caused by the condensation of moisture in the air, the moisture settles and create perfect environments for bacteria such as fungi to grow. For example, If the mold/damp is present on a painted or wallpapered wall, it would cause the paint or wallpaper to peel away from them. If the mold continues to grow, it increases the risk of respiratory problems such as coughs and asthma, this is more likely for children. Many families live in a house that thrives with mold and dampness, leaving them open to the effects. There are many children who will experience asthma attacks due to the mold and overcrowding, resulting in them missing vital days of school. Which then lowers their chances of getting good qualifications, decreasing the chances of getting well-paid jobs. Living in poor quality housing will also affect an individual’s mental state, they may end up being depressed and stressed, due to the pressures that they are put under. The effects of stress can lead to behavioral problems such as eating disorders, physical problems such as nausea and dizziness, and cognitive problems such as memory loss, (Helpguide.org, 2017). It may also result in miscarriages or premature births which isn’t really good for the mother or the child. Due to there not being enough room in the house it could cause fights and relationship pressures to occur. Living in a damp and overcrowded house can also lead to other environmental factors such as discrimination. Discrimination affects both the children and adults of the family. For example, if a child, living in a house that has damp went to school some children may bully that individual because their clothes may smell like damp. This will affect how they make friends, because they may be wary about how people will react to them due to the past or ongoing situations of where they have been bullied. â€Å"Children from low-income families often forgo events that most of us would take for granted. They miss school trips; can’t invite friends round for tea; and can’t afford a one-week holiday away from home. While studies show that there are more play areas in deprived areas, their quality is generally poorer. Vandalism, playground misuse and danger of injury all act as deterrents to using what otherwise might be good facilities.† (cpag.org, 2017) Socioeconomic Income is the money that an individual or household gets and according to myaccountingcourse.com (2017) expenditures â€Å"are payments of currency or barter credits for necessary inputs (goods or services). This could be anything from purchases equipment to hiring employees. Obligatory settlements or payment of liabilities such as invoices, receipts, and vouchers can also be considered expenditures.† Both expenditures and income can affect an individual’s life in positive and negative ways, â€Å"your income has a greater impact on your health than lifestyle choices.† (Therecord.com 2017). An individual living in a high-income family may experience many positive interactions and opportunities that people who may be living in a low-income family may not experience. However, there are some disadvantages of being in a high-income family is that others may take advantage of them, for the money. Another disadvantage that applies to both high and low-income families i s that the individuals within may start to become ungrateful towards things and not think of others. Children who live in low-income households tend to struggle more than others with a higher income in many situations in life for example education or health, this is the secondary effects of an individual being poorer. Children living in poorer households are more likely to have low attendance/punctuality at school and are also more likely to get behavior referrals due to ‘bad behavior’. Lowered attendance leads too many missed lessons which put them behind hindering their intellectual development and their behavior which is seen as socially wrong would impact on them making friends. â€Å"Education is the process of learning. It includes the difference in the level of education that somebody has received and the qualifications that somebody has,† (classroom notes, 2017). Children from around the age of 5 may start to experience being bullied, due to their family income by other children, this can cause emotional outbursts triggering them to act out or even being extremely weary and quiet. Bullying can cause an individual to be emotionally unstable which will have impacts on their sexual relationships in future life. According to jrf.org.uk, (2017) â€Å"income influences many different outcomes at the same time, including maternal mental health and children’s anxiety levels and behavior.† Someone living in a high-income family will physical dress up well and they may have the latest fashion trends, whereas someone living in a low-income family may appear to have scruffy or large clothes that may most likely be handed down from a family member. Genetic The genetic factor that I will be explaining in this assessment is cystic fibrosis (CF). Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder which causes a mass production of mucus to build up throughout the individual’s organs in their body. An individual will only get CF if both biological parents were carriers of the gene. This means that parents that don’t have CF have a possibility of conceiving a child who has and shows CF. this disorder is very harmfully for an individual it affects their lungs due to the buildup of mucus in the pathways which then leaves them open to infections. Cysticfibrosis.org.uk (2017), states that â€Å"Cystic fibrosis can cause the pancreas to become blocked with mucus, and when this happens enzymes required for digesting food cannot reach the stomach. People with CF often need to take more than 50 tablets a day to help digest food and keep respiratory symptoms in check.† Someone who has cystic fibrosis will have a lowered life expectancy the average life expectancy of someone one living with CF is 41years old. Cystic fibrosis affects someone’s daily life because for treatment an individual will have to go through daily routines such as physio and taken tablets. These help to control the effects of CF. â€Å"Living with a chronic disease, such as CF, can be emotionally challenging. Although moments of sadness and anxiety due to the uncertainty of your health may come and go, depression and persistent anxiety should be treated as part of your overall health and emotional wellness.† (cff.org, 2017). Due to appointments, a CF patient may experience a low attendance at school or college, the missing lesson will then have intellectual development issues on the individual because they have missed out on key information that the teacher has given out. This disadvantages that individual compared to their peers which might cause them to feel isol ated. Lifestyle For this factor, I will be explaining about the use and misuse of substances. There are 2 types of drugs that someone may use these are: medical drugs such as paracetamol are usually prescribed by a doctor, to either relieve pain or to cure illness. Mackintosh. M (2017), explains that â€Å"recreational drugs such as alcohol and tobacco are taken by people because they like the effects that they have on their bodies, but they are addictive. Heroin and cocaine are illegal recreational drugs that are very addictive.† There are 3 main categories of drugs these are depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens (cause hallucinations or sensations and images that seem real though they are not). These will all influence an individual, however, the effects will be different depending on the type of drug that they have taken. Depressants such as alcohol and heroin tend to reduce the activity of an individual’s nervous system for a while. Some people will drink alcohol because they are feeling low/stressed, however, the effects of the alcohol cause the person to feel even lower so then they would drink some more, and the cycle will then continue. This may result in an individual beige pendant on alcohol which is a gateway to addiction. According to Wikipedia.org (2017), â€Å"alcohol intoxication affects the brain causing slurred speech and delayed reflexes.† Stimulants such as caffeine, speed up the reactions of the nervous system resulting in high performances in sports. According to Drugfre eworld.com (2017), â€Å"Stimulants can be addictive. Repeated high doses of some stimulants over a short period can lead to feelings of hostility or paranoia. Such doses may also result in dangerously high body temperatures and an irregular heartbeat.† This can cause individuals to feel socially cut off from everyone, which will affect them socially and emotionally.

Original piece of great business writing

Original piece of great business writing Business writing Business Writing Guidelines Below, there are helpful business writing guidelines. You may stick to them when producing your papers. However, remember that all your assignments have to be completed in accordance with the teacher’s instructions. In case some questions arise, you should contact to get valuable assistance with preparing your work in the business area. Nowadays, business sector grows very fast. New companies are created every day. In order to run business successfully, you should possess remarkable managerial, writing, and organizational skills. The thing is that it is essential to establish strong connection between the departments of the company, business partners, etc. When working in this field, you will need to send e-mails to colleagues, write financial reports, and other documents. As it is seen, writing takes a very important place in conducting business. Therefore, you should know how to organize documentation in the right way. For this reason, you should follow these useful business writing tips: When producing some pieces on economic topics, you should know who the addressee is. Thus, you will understand what writing style should be applied to different types of documents. It is necessary to identify clearly the aim of producing particular texts. Present accurate data only. Provide information concisely. It is better to use verbs in the active voice than in the passive. Do not use a lot of personal pronouns such as â€Å"you, I, we.† Reference Style You do want to produce an effective business writing piece, don’t you? Thus, you should pay attention to the format. The majority of papers in Business are formatted in APA. According to it, you need to use an author-date principle for in-text citations (for example, Adams, 1997). It is also recommended not to make endnotes and footnotes. By the way, if you need expert help with formatting your work, feel free to use our superior services. Types of Papers What is business writing? A lot of students want to get a clear answer to this question to be able to complete their assignments appropriately. There are different types of business works. They are: Memoranda These are short pieces of writing that provide general information inside the company. They should be organized in a particular business writing format. If writing such a paper is one of your college assignments, you should know that it can be produced in the informal style. Nevertheless, you should know who will read your memorandum. Thus, you will manage to provide enough useful information about its key issue. If you cannot write memos on your own, turn to our experts for assistance. Business Letters This is one of the means of business communication. They are written in formal style. By the way, you can use such papers to apply for a job. Business letters have a common format. Standard elements of a business letter are date, address, greeting, body, and closing part. They should be written clearly, so that readers can understand the message properly. If you want to show the addressee that you are aware of the subject, you may use specific terms. If you consider this assignment very complicated, you should address us. We know how to write a business letter properly. Case Analysis This is one of the common types of business writing. Students of business or economic courses are often assigned to produce it. When writing it, you need to apply knowledge gained during classes. It will help you examine the matter thoroughly. You should start with presenting the case. Then, you need to offer suitable solutions to the discussed problem. Business Plan It is made to help companies expand and provide its services appropriately. They are also used to obtain additional funding. By the way, students often get such business assignments. Note that it is essential to set the purpose of writing clearly when making business plans. If any difficulties occur, get in touch with us without hesitation. Business Proposal This piece of business writing presents effective solutions to the addressed problems. In order to write it properly, you should identify the problem and analyze it in detail. Proposals can be of two types: unsolicited and solicited. The former is produced to offer cooperation to other companies. The latter is written when a firm wants to use the services of other agencies.

Order and authirity essays

Order and authirity essays For a society to run efficiently a sense of order needs to be maintained. To maintain this order all societies have a political system in place that ranges in complexity. There are four forms of political systems - bands, tribes, chiefdoms and states. Within each political system there are formal or informal mechanisms used to exercise control (and in some cases both). Whether mechanisms are formal or informal depends on what works in each society. With these mechanisms comes a level of enforcement that is used to implement the type of behaviour seen as socially acceptable. This power of enforcement is dependent on the laws available in a society. Gender and religion help play apart in enforcement. There has been a decline in cultural specificity that is largely due to globalisation. But there have always been mechanisms of social control common to the majority of all societies. Even though New Zealand is isolated from other countries geographically, we use many of the same social me chanisms as those overseas. Bands were egalitarian societies and this is one reason why they were the simplest forms of political organisation. People that are almost equal do not need a complex control system. They were generally foraging societies that were constantly moving with the seasons. There were two types of bands - simple and composite. Simple bands were smaller than composite bands. They had an informal political system, with an older male being the leader. Males and females were both involved in the decision making process. Composite bands had a more defined leadership than simple bands. However, political organisation was still informal. The Comanche, who foraged on the southern Great Plains of the United States, are a clear example of a composite band. The Comanche were divided into a number of separate bands. Individuals and families could move amongst the bands and even form new bands, although bands rarely came together for collective...

Atreverse Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples

Atreverse Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples The Spanish verb atreverse is a reflexive verb that means to dare. Although most reflexive verbs can also be used non-reflexively, atreverse is an exception and should always be used in its reflexive form. This article includes atreverse conjugations in the most common verb forms and tenses: the present, past, conditional, and future indicative; the present and past subjunctive; the imperative, and other verb forms like the gerund and past participle. Atreverse Present Indicative Atreverse is a regular -er verb, so its conjugations in the present indicative are regular; just be sure to include the appropriate reflexive pronouns before each conjugated verb. Yo me atrevo I dare Yo me atrevo a hacer preguntas en clase. Tà º te atreves You dare Tà º te atreves a probar cosas nuevas. Usted/à ©l/ella se atreve You/he/she dares Ella se atreve a quejarse con el jefe. Nosotros nos atrevemos We dare Nosotros nos atrevemos a escalar la montaà ±a. Vosotros os atrevà ©is You dare Vosotros os atrevà ©is a salir en el frà ­o. Ustedes/ellos/ellas se atreven You/they dare Ellos se atreven a tirarse con paracaà ­das. Atreverse Preterite Indicative Notice that in the preterite tense the yo and à ©l/ella/usted conjugations carry an accent mark on the last vowel. Yo me atrevà ­ I dared Yo me atrevà ­ a hacer preguntas en clase. Tà º te atreviste You dared Tà º te atreviste a probar cosas nuevas. Usted/à ©l/ella se atrevià ³ You/he/she dared Ella se atrevià ³ a quejarse con el jefe. Nosotros nos atrevimos We dared Nosotros nos atrevimos a escalar la montaà ±a. Vosotros os atrevisteis You dared Vosotros os atrevisteis a salir en el frà ­o. Ustedes/ellos/ellas se atrevieron You/they dared Ellos se atrevieron a tirarse con paracaà ­das. Atreverse Imperfect Indicative The imperfect tense can be translated as was daring or used to dare. It is used to talk about habitual or ongoing actions in the past. Note that all of the imperfect conjugations carry an accent mark. Yo me atrevà ­a I used to dare Yo me atrevà ­a a hacer preguntas en clase. Tà º te atrevà ­as You used to dare Tà º te atrevà ­as a probar cosas nuevas. Usted/à ©l/ella se atrevà ­a You/he/she used to dare Ella se atrevà ­a a quejarse con el jefe. Nosotros nos atrevà ­amos We used to dare Nosotros nos atrevà ­amos a escalar la montaà ±a. Vosotros os atrevà ­ais You used to dare Vosotros os atrevà ­ais a salir en el frà ­o. Ustedes/ellos/ellas se atrevà ­an You/they used to dare Ellos se atrevà ­an a tirarse con paracaà ­das. Atreverse Future Indicative Yo me atreverà © I will dare Yo me atreverà © a hacer preguntas en clase. Tà º te atrevers You will dare Tà º te atreversa probar cosas nuevas. Usted/à ©l/ella se atrever You/he/she will dare Ella se atrevera quejarse con el jefe. Nosotros nos atreveremos We will dare Nosotros nos atreveremosa escalar la montaà ±a. Vosotros os atreverà ©is You will dare Vosotros os atreverà ©is a salir en el frà ­o. Ustedes/ellos/ellas se atrevern You/they will dare Ellos se atreverna tirarse con paracaà ­das. Atreverse Periphrastic  Future Indicative   When conjugating the periphrastic future, remember to place the reflexive pronoun before the conjugated verb ir. Yo me voy a atrever I am going to dare Yo me voya atrever a hacer preguntas en clase. Tà º te vasa atrever You aregoing todare Tà º te vasa atrever a probar cosas nuevas. Usted/à ©l/ella se vaa atrever You/he/she isgoing to dare Ella se vaa atrever a quejarse con el jefe. Nosotros nos vamosa atrever Wearegoing todare Nosotros nos vamosa atrever a escalar la montaà ±a. Vosotros os vaisa atrever You aregoing to dare Vosotros os vaisa atrever a salir en el frà ­o. Ustedes/ellos/ellas se vana atrever You/they aregoing to dare Ellos se vana atrever a tirarse con paracaà ­das. Atreverse Present Progressive/Gerund Form One of the main uses of the gerund or present participle is to form progressive tenses such as the present progressive, which is usually formed with the auxiliary verb estar. When conjugating reflexive verbs in progressive tenses, the reflexive pronoun can be placed before the conjugated verb estar, or attached to the end of the present participle. Present Progressive ofAtreverse se est atreviendo / est atrevià ©ndose Is daring Ella se est atreviendo a quejarse con el jefe. Atreverse Past Participle One of the main uses of the past participle is to form perfect tenses, such as the present perfect, which uses the auxiliary verb haber. In the perfect tenses, the reflexive pronoun is always placed before the conjugated verb haber. Present Perfect of Atreverse se ha atrevido Has dared Ella se ha atrevido a quejarse con el jefe. Atreverse Conditional Indicative The conditional tense is used to talk about possibilities. It is translated to English as would dare. Yo me atreverà ­a I would dare Yo me atreverà ­a a hacer preguntas en clase si fuera ms valiente. Tà º te atreverà ­as You would dare Tà º te atreverà ­asa probar cosas nuevas si fueras aventurero. Usted/à ©l/ella se atreverà ­a You/he/she would dare Ella se atreverà ­aa quejarse con el jefe, pero à ©l no la quiere escuchar. Nosotros nos atreverà ­amos We would dare Nosotros nos atreverà ­amosa escalar la montaà ±a si tuvià ©ramos mejor condicià ³n fà ­sica. Vosotros os atreverà ­ais You would dare Vosotros os atreverà ­ais a salir en el frà ­o si tuvierais un buen abrigo. Ustedes/ellos/ellas se atreverà ­an You/they would dare Ellos se atreverà ­ana tirarse con paracaà ­das si fueran ms jà ³venes. Atreverse Present Subjunctive Que yo me atreva That I dare La profesora sugiere que yo meatrevaa hacer preguntas en clase. Que tà º te atrevas That you dare Tu madre espera que tà º teatrevas a probar cosas nuevas. Que usted/à ©l/ella seatreva That you/he/she dare Su colega quiere que ella seatreva a quejarse con el jefe. Que nosotros nos atrevamos That we dare El alpinista espera que nosotros nos atrevamos a escalar la montaà ±a. Que vosotros os atrevis That you dare El entrenador quiere que vosotros os atrevisa salir en el frà ­o. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas seatrevan That you/they dare Pablo espera que ellos seatrevan a tirarse con paracaà ­das. Atreverse Imperfect Subjunctive There are two different endings to form the conjugation of the imperfect subjunctive: Option 1 Que yo me atreviera That I dared La profesora sugerà ­a que yo me atreviera a hacer preguntas en clase. Que tà º te atrevieras That you dared Tu madre esperaba que tà º teatrevieras a probar cosas nuevas. Que usted/à ©l/ella seatreviera That you/he/she dared Su colega querà ­a que ella seatreviera a quejarse con el jefe. Que nosotros nos atrevià ©ramos That we dared El alpinista esperaba que nosotros nos atrevià ©ramosa escalar la montaà ±a. Que vosotros os atrevierais That you dared El entrenador querà ­a que vosotros os atrevieraisa salir en el frà ­o. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas seatrevieran That you/they dared Pablo esperaba que ellos seatrevieran a tirarse con paracaà ­das. Option 2 Que yo me atreviese That I dared La profesora sugerà ­a que yo meatreviese a hacer preguntas en clase. Que tà º te atrevieses That you dared Tu madre esperaba que tà º teatrevieses a probar cosas nuevas. Que usted/à ©l/ella seatreviese That you/he/she dared Su colega querà ­a que ella seatreviese a quejarse con el jefe. Que nosotros nos atrevià ©semos That we dared El alpinista esperaba que nosotros nos atrevià ©semosa escalar la montaà ±a. Que vosotros os atrevieseis That you dared El entrenador querà ­a que vosotros os atrevieseisa salir en el frà ­o. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas seatreviesen That you/they dared Pablo esperaba que ellos seatreviesen a tirarse con paracaà ­das. Atreverse Imperative The imperative mood is for giving commands or orders. Notice that in positive commands, the reflexive pronoun is attached to the verb, whereas in negative commands the reflexive pronoun is placed before the verb. Positive Commands Tà º atrà ©vete Dare!  ¡Atrà ©vete a probar cosas nuevas! Usted atrà ©vase Dare!  ¡Atrà ©vase a quejarse con el jefe! Nosotros atrevmonos Let's dare!  ¡Atrevmonos a escalar la montaà ±a! Vosotros atreveos Dare!  ¡Atreveos a salir en el frà ­o! Ustedes atrà ©vanse Dare!  ¡Atrà ©vanse a tirarse con paracaà ­das! Negative Commands Tà º no te atrevas Don't dare!  ¡Note atrevas a probar cosas nuevas! Usted no se atreva Don't dare!  ¡No se atreva a quejarse con el jefe! Nosotros no nos atrevamos Let's not dare!  ¡Nonos atrevamos a escalar la montaà ±a! Vosotros no os atrevis Don't dare!  ¡Noos atrevis a salir en el frà ­o! Ustedes no se atrevan Don't dare!  ¡Nose atrevan a tirarse de paracaà ­das!

Managing Capability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Managing Capability - Essay Example The main purpose of their employees is to meet the needs of customers and their expectations as well. In the literature of marketing, one of the most important issues is competitive advantage that had gained significant attention. Authors and scholars have focused on the identification of the most successful competitive strategies that any organization prefers to pursue so that they can produce and facilitate supernormal advantages and benefits. The structure conduct performance of any industrial organization has great influence on this area of research, which significantly described and explained that competitive advantage derives from fortunate market positions (Helfat & Lieberman, 2002). The resource Based View (RBV) was another explanation of the source of competitive advantage, which was developed in the early 90s. This view identifies the sources of advantage inside the firm, which is viewed as a bundle of resources (Kay, 1999). A major difference was indicated between competitive strategy framework and the resource based theory. Porter, a well-known author, viewed a firm as a bundle of unique resources and by resource based scholars as a bundle of activities. The competitive strategy framework, given by Porter makes the analysis of environment- performance relationship more prior. Strategic capabilities can simply be defined as: Complicated set and bundles of skills as well as accumulated knowledge that makes a firm able to coordinate activities and make use of their possessions to promote economic value and maintain economic advantage. In order to identify strategic capabilities and its types, it is classified so that these can be applied in the required field for the purpose of an organization (Kay, 1999). These capabilities allow a firm to keep costs at lower level as well as enable a business to respond to the changing needs of the customers rapidly. The role of strategy formulation quality and its

Subjective and Objective Perspectives of Photography Essay

Subjective and Objective Perspectives of Photography - Essay Example This quotation mentions a highly debated argument of the twenty-first century- the challenge associated with the reliability of camera-generated imagery and its contrast with paintings. Photographs have the tendency to mold our thinking in a way we never dreamt of. Following is a critical analysis of this comment about subjective and objective perspectives of photography. In recent years awareness about the nature of camera imagery made people change their stereotypical views regarding the issue. In order to support my essay, I have quoted references from related literature to further elaborate this viewpoint. â€Å"Photographic images have historically enjoyed, in our societies, a unique role, based for the most part on their supposed credibility. They have been acknowledged to offer a truthful visual representation of the world and our societies accept it as truth sentences such as "Photographs don't lie," "A picture is worth a thousand words," and "Seeing is believing" (Garvard, 1999). Camera generated images experience a subjective overtone together with automatic and mechanized actions involved in photography. Over the years images have played a unique role in different societies because of the evidence that they are real representations of the events being captured. The main criticism is against the idea of believing what you see in a photograph as the images are not logically true. Rather, they are treated according to the aspiration of the photographer in order to assimilate certain meanings to them. With the passage of time and with technological advancement photographers manipulate the photo with subjective elements like personalization and framing. There is also a personal touch to photographs, as photographers project their own opinions into the image from choosing what to shoot to managing the picture’s background.

'An investigation in to why consumers may choose to buy a BMW as Essay

'An investigation in to why consumers may choose to buy a BMW as oppose to another brand of car' this could involve examinin - Essay Example An insight into the BMW brand BMW brand seeks to convey the message to consumers that BMW means â€Å"the ultimate driving machine,† and influence the behavior of the consumers. BMW has been successful in creating awareness and ‘esteem value’ of its cars and strengthened its position in the market over the period of time. BMW is synonymous with luxury car and treated as status symbol by the consumers. The brand equity has been built by branding efforts highlighting quality and excellence in performance of its products on a continuous basis. An overview of consumer behavior and the buyer decision making process This section will study and analyze the consumer behavior and its importance in marketing and give an overview of the buyer decision making process in relation to BMW cars. Cars are usually not purchased very often and cost a large amount of money – making them high investment purchases. Problem Recognition The consumer needs a car to travel socially and/or for work purposes/commuting; the need for a car is most likely an active problem (i.e. the consumer is aware that he/she needs a car) Information Search Potential customer researches different makes and models of cars and may look in to indirect competition such as public transport or bicycles. Evaluation of Alternatives The consumer will narrow the choices down until he/she come to a decision; the consumer will normally narrow down from makes that they are aware of, then ones that they would consider buying, then down to a small choice until they come to a decision. Purchase Decision The consumer will take in to account what their family and friends think of the car that he/she has decided to buy – consumers will also asses the risks involved with the purchase such as the financial and social risks. Post Purchase evaluation After purchasing, customers will continue to evaluate the car, this stage is vital to ensure future sales and promote brand loyalty for BMW. Effec tive after sales service plays an important role in enhancing the customer satisfaction. Symbolic Consumption Purchases carry symbolic meanings and can satisfy individual, social, or cultural needs. Driving a car that is perceived to be sporty, luxurious and exclusive can promote individualism and self esteem. Self-concept attached to the product helps to establish the user’s identity. In order for conspicuous consumption to be rewarded and thus maintained in society, individuals must attach symbolic meaning to products that infer something about their owner. This tendency to attach meaning to products is referred to as symbolic consumption. (Belk, Bahn and Mayer 1982; Belk, Mayer and Driscoll 1983). Symbolic consumption involves the owner as an encoder trying to communicate something about themselves through purchasing a product and a decoder who understands the symbolic message; for example: consumers may purchase an expensive car such as a 7-series BMW to show that they ar e well-off; although demographics such as age, gender and social class effect individuals' ability to form impressions about owners of cars. Research shows that children's ability to make inferences about others based on product ownership